Background: Dehavada and Lohavada are the two major aims of Rasashastra. Parada Samskara is essential for both Vada. Many herbs, minerals, instruments, and preparations are needed for processing Parada. Drutis are one of such essential dosage form, along with its therapeutic and other utilities. Druti Kalpana are the processes of converting metals, gemstones and minerals in a liquefied state with the help of Agni samskar and addition of few herbal drugs, Ksharas, etc. Among many Druti Kalpana, Gandhaka Druti is a well-known preparation. Different classical texts have described different methods for preparing it. To ascertain difference between them and to come out with a brief conclusion this review work has been made. Data Source: Classical texts of Rasashastra, various published research works on the topic and valuable dissertations were also referred for this review article. Review Methods: An extensive search of literature was done to collect scattered materials on Druti Kalpana under an umbrella. Advices were taken from the professors of Rasashastra for the review of literature and their correct understanding. Result and Conclusion: Detailed review on Druti and Gandhaka Druti has been made. Comparisions on different methods of Gandhaka Druti preparation and the best method for high yield was found. Depending on the uses Variations in themethod of Gandhaka Druti preparation was found.

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Introduction: The whole world is witnessing the transition of every sphere of human activity – home, work, education, health, time, travel, eating/drinking, shopping, etc., due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Neither hard power nor soft power could stop a tiny member of the coronavirus family from its global spread of COVID-19. Majorly, it has affected the health of the people and wealth of the nations. Society has explored many new normal thereby learn to live with corona. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to analyze what lessons we have learned from this once-in-a-lifetime experience, i.e., the COVID-19 pandemic and the issues and challenges in combating the sudden outbreaks. Materials and Methods: SWOT (Strengths Weakness Opportunities Threats) analysis has been used as a tool to depict the lessons learned in general and for Ayurveda in specific from the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: There are no shortcuts to combat pandemics. Pandemics remind us about the common adage “Prevention is better than cure.” An ongoing situation may end tomorrow or the day after, but when all this is over, the earth will continue to spin, and life will flow again. Ultimately, it is the time to pause and rewind the lessons from pandemic and guidance for our future public health hazards.

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Introduction: Renal cysts are detected more easily in elderly people due to the widespread use of abdominal computed tomography (CT), abdominal ultrasonography (USG), and magnetic resonance imaging. The importance of renal cysts arises from their augmented detection in elderly populations with the pervasive use of CT and abdominal USG. In Ayurveda, renal cyst has been interpreted with the name of Granthi where Vata-Kapha dominant Tridosha is involved. Very less scientific data is available depicting the effect of Ayurvedic intervention in such cases. Main Clinical Finding: A confirmed case of renal cyst of size 15 mm × 16 mm was seen in the lower calyx of the left kidney, a calculus of size 2.3 mm with mild upper hydroureteronephrosis, increased parenchymal echogenicity suggestive of Grade 1 fatty liver and gallbladder is distended with multiple hyperechogenic foci suggestive of calculus largest measuring of 13mm. Diagnosis: The patient was a diagnosed case of a renal cyst of size 15 mm × 16 mm in the lower calyx of the left kidney with a calculus of size 2.3 mm with mild upper hydroureteronephrosis with Grade 1 fatty liver and calculus largest measuring of 13 mm in the gallbladder based on USG findings. Interventions: The patient was treated with Ayurvedic medicines such as Chandraprabha Vati, Kanchnara Guggulu, Lavan Bhaskara Churna, Samsamani Vati, Kumaryasava, and Gokshuradi Guggulu. Outcome: Complete remission of the renal cyst with calculi along with Grade 1 fatty liver was observed after 6 months of treatment. Conclusion: This case study demonstrates the potential and usefulness of Ayurveda in the management of renal cysts.

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Introduction: Vitiligo is a common autoimmune disorder in which the destruction of melanocytes occurs, resulting in the formation of white spots on the skin. It has a major impact on the quality of life of patients, as they feel distressed and stigmatized by their condition. Treatment available in contemporary medicine has its own limitations and side effects. In Ayurveda, Shvitra is the term employed for the hypopigmentation disorders of the skin. Due to the holistic approach, Ayurveda has the vast potential to treat such autoimmune skin diseases. Here, a case study of chronic vitiligo treated successfully with ayurvedic interventions is reported. Main Clinical Finding: There were white patches measuring about 7x5 cm, 4x3 cm, 3x3 cm and 4x2 cm on right and left arm, neck, chest, forehead region respectively. There were multiple small patches on fingers of hand also. The spots and patches were asymmetric, well defined whitish-pink and without scaling and discharge. Diagnosis: The patches were spread on large area (bahala), colour of patches was white/whitish pink (tvaka vaivarnyata), no secretion from lesion (aparisravi) ,with no itching (kandu) and loss of hair (romavidhvamsha) on affected area, so the case was diagnosed as Shvitra kustha on the bases of observed sign and symptoms. Intervention: The management approach was personalized and holistic in nature incorporating Ahara,vihara and Aushadha. In Sanshamana chikitsa Pitta-kapha shamaka and Vyadhi pratyanika line of treatment including internal administration of Khadira sara, decotition of Amla and Udumbara Chhala and Shashilekha Vati with external application of Chakramarda beeja, Muli beeja and Vakuchi beeja lepa was incorporated. Outcome: After 3 months of interventions, skinny spots appeared between the white patches. After six months, patches of chest, neck and forehead almost disappeared and that of arms significantly decreased with no recurrence. No adverse effect was seen during treatment and in follow up period

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Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS COV-2) and Garbha-kala is one of the most crucial and responsible stage in woman's life. COVID-19 can produce devastating effect on maternal wellbeing. Garbhini Jwara can be interrelated to some extent with features of COVID-19 in pregnancy. Objective: As, there is still some time for the approval and distribution of anti-viral vaccine against it. Thus, imperative critical care is a pre-requisite to manage COVID-19 during pregnancy. Due to shortfall of data on COVID-19 in traditional system of knowledge, present trial utilizes treatment modalities mentioned in ayurvedic classics to conquer novel COVID-19 symptomatically. Data Source: The proposed review article draws the data from different ayurvedic texts, research papers and drudging efforts are made to gather the knowlegde of Garbhini Paricharya from contemporary science to fulfill the lacunas and thoroughly excel in it. Review Method: The symptoms of COVID-19 can be analogized with the features of Sannipata Jwara during pregnancy. It epitomizes as Janapada-dhamsa vikara and can be categorized into Bhutabhisanga Agantuga Vikara (External cause of microbes). Result and Conclusion: Ayurveda exhilarate intensive approach to cope-up with this unprecedented pandemic of COVID-19 during pregnancy. Decoction prepared from the ayurvedic drugs like Tulsi patra, Shirish twak, Guduchi kanda, Yastimadhu mool and Nimba patra acts as Daha-prashaman, Jantughna, Swashara, Kasahara, Krimighna, Jwarahara and Rasayana. It possess Anti-viral, Anti-bacterial, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-oxidant, Immuno-modulatory properties due to various chemical constituents.

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Introduction: Yoga and meditation are believed to start with the very inception of civilization and have munificent effects physically as well as mentally. As the entire world is facing dreadful COVID-19 pandemic, the concept of Yoga and meditation is the best way to keep a person in good shape, physically and mentally. Yoga along with meditation, as an integral part of our lifestyle tells us how to control the basic thought process and to stabilize oneself and integrate the state of health. Methods: Keeping the COVID-19 pandemic in mind, it is time for us to look back to utilize the treasure of Yoga and meditation for immunity, strengthening our willpower to stand the challenges of pandemic and develop resilience against negativity. Yoga usually emphasizes Asana, Pranayama, Dhyana and if practiced on daily basis will increase endorphins-feel-good-chemicals within the body and reduces cortisol levels that cause stress. Result and Conclusion: This pandemic has shown worldwide devastating effects on health-care-system, so Yoga and meditation practices could be utilized to counter the negatives of individual's physical, emotional as well as social health. In the current scenario, it is of utmost importance to deal the negative emotions with nonpharmacological interventions. The current paper focuses on the ways to protect ourselves in COVID-19 pandemic and live healthy life with regular practice of Yoga and meditation. It also highlights the role of Yoga and meditation in controlling a person's body, mind and soul. It also combines physical and mental discipline of the body and mind; to aid in managing stress, anxiety, and keep ourselves relaxed. Hence, developing a positive state of mind and promote better health to fight against the pandemic.

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Introduction: Mrityunjaya Rasa(MR) is a herbomineral Ayurvedic anti-pyretic formulation containing Shuddha Hingula (Purified Cinnabar), Shuddha Gandhaka (Purified Sulphur), Shuddha Tankana (Purified Borax), Shuddha Vatsanabh (Purified Aconite) Pippali (Piper lonum) and Maricha (Piper nigrum). Objective: The present pharmacological study was undertaken to study the comparative antipyretic activity of different samples of Mrityunjaya Rasa with slight variations in ingredients; Mrityunjaya Rasa 'A' (Hingula based), Mrityunjaya Rasa 'B' (Kajjali based), Mrityunjaya Rasa 'C' (Rasasindura based), Mrityunjaya Rasa 'D' (without metallic content). Material and Method: Pyrexia was induced by subcutaneous injection of 20% wt/v of Brewer's yeast in distilled water (10ml/kg) in 36 animals divided into 6 groups, each group containing 6 animals. Basal rectal temperature was measured before the injection of yeast, and the rise in rectal temperature was recorded after 18 hrs of yeast injection. Group 'A' treated as normal control while group 'B' as standard control (treated with Paracetamol) Group C, D, E, F were drug tested groups. Results: The data generated during all stages of study showed that all samples of Mrityunjaya Rasa (22.5 mg/kg per day) exert highly significant (P<0.001) decrease in temperature after ½ hour and 1 hr of administration except Mrityunjaya Rasa D which was non-significant after 1 hr. Mrityunjaya Rasa 'C' (Rasasindura based), was found to be significant (P<0.05) even after 3 hrs in comparison to standard drug (Paracetamol). Conclusion: The results of present study show the importance of mercury in intensifying the therapeutic efficacy of a formulation. Further, result obtained in Mrityunjaya Rasa containing Rasasindura group explains the importance of concept of gandhakaj jarana in rasashastra.

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Background: A new virus of corona family known as novel coronavirus causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also known severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). A good number of principles are found in the classical texts of Ayurveda, which can be compared with the concepts of SARS-CoV-2, and many herbal drugs written in the Ayurvedic text, through its immunomodulatory effect, may enhance host–defense mechanism against such diseases to decrease the mortality. Aim: Our objectives of this review are (i) to understand the concepts of SARS-CoV-2 in light of Ayurveda with their approximate delineation through theoretical analysis; (ii) to review the role of Immune Booster Kashaya Special (IBKS) in boosting and regulating immunity and in preventing complications; and (iii) to explore the effectiveness of each drug among scientific community to facilitate for their extensive research. Methodology: We also searched for relevant keywords in various texts of Ayurveda as well as on online databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, CrossRef, and Google Scholar to understand the concepts of SARS-CoV-2 in light of Ayurveda and to explore the possible role of 14 medicinal plants of “immune booster Kashaya” formulation. Result: We found that SARS-CoV-2 is symptomatically very much similar to Sannipataj Jwar as described in Ayurveda and the content of IBKS possesses antiviral, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antianxiety, and phagocytic properties. It seems to promote the body's immune mechanism against viral activity and to prevent complications such as inflammation-induced damage and cytokine storming in COVID-19. Conclusion: As there is a lack of an effective SARS-CoV-2 virus-specific medicine or vaccine, these immunomodulatory strategies may be implemented before or shortly after viral exposure and may be paired with antiviral therapies to improve antiviral immune responses by providing interferon-inducing agents or by nonspecific boosting of immunity with innate factors. Immune booster Kashaya should be gone through extensive in vivo and in vitro studies and clinical trials for further validation.

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Objective: All around the globe the COVID-19 pandemic has jolted the minds of Scientists. They are trying to find any possible measures to fight against this pandemic. There is no specific treatment available for corona virus till now and a vaccine is yet to become available until 2021. The patients suffering from COVID-19 are under physical as well psychological trauma. Any intervention which improves quality of life of these patients is of paramount importance at this juncture. Chakras mediation which is a non pharmacological intervention for psychological wellbeing of patients is a time tested and scientifically proven approach to deliver holistic treatment to them. Traditional Indian practices are real soft power of India being followed for spiritual wellbeing even in this time of crisis. Data Source: Extract of various research studies related to Intervention of such practices like meditation, Pranic healing have been reviewed for therapeutic intervention of Shadchakra healing in health and diseases. Review Method: Evidence generated after pragmatic intervention of Chakras meditation will be a scientific contribution which will further generate interest throughout the scientific community. Result and Conclusion: Shadchakra healing therapy is most effective and experienced Psycho-immunological therapy for COVID patients.

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Introduction: The disorders of digestion and absorption are broadly covered under the heading of “Grahani roga” in Ayurvedic classics. Grahani is the seat of agni. It retains the food till the food is fully digested and passed to Pakvashaya. Mandagni (weak digestive fire) causes improper digestion of food and leads to Grahani roga. In Grahani roga, mala is released in undigested form. The role of diet and Deepana-Pachana is very important, while treating the patient of the Grahani. Pathya Ahara, Bilva, and Panchakola Churna help to cure Grahani Dosha with considerable health benefits. Objectives: This study was conducted with the objectives to prepare a dietary module for the patients of Grahani and to study the clinical effect of the prescribed diet (Pathya Ahara) in Grahani. Material and Methods: A total of 60 patients of Grahani Dosha of either sex were registered. These patients were divided into two groups by random sampling method in Groups A and B. In Group A, patients were given Bilva and Panchakola Churna without any dietary modification, and patients of Group B were given a diet module to modify their diet along with Bilva and Panchakola Churna. All the patients were evaluated for subjective parameters. Results: Statistical analysis was done after the intervention of therapies for 6 weeks. Group B showed statistically significant results in all signs and symptoms as compared to Group A. Conclusion: Pathya Ahara improves the efficacy of the medicine in Grahani roga without the presence of any adverse effects.

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Introduction: Disease pattern is constantly changing yet infectious disease remain the major cause of mortality and morbidity in less developed countries. The world around has experienced many outbreaks and epidemic in the last few decades most recently being the COVID 19. The viral infections emerging in India can be classified in three major categories of respiratory viral infections, arboviral infections and bat-borne viral infections. There are seven variants of corona virus that are known to infect human. The SARS and COVID-19 are closely related and pose a threat to the global population. The life-saving drugs and antibiotics used against these infections are rapidly losing effectiveness and the viruses develops resistance against it. The mortality is higher in individual with low immunity, having respiratory tract related illnesses and metabolic disorders. Aim: To understand the currently prevalent pandemic COVID-19 through various Ayurvedic concepts which may further assist in knowing the disease pathology correctly. Data Source and Review Method: For the systematic review article, various Ayurvedic texts- Charaka and Sushruta Samhita with Chakrapani and Dalhana Teeka are studied. Peer-reviewed clinical studies, review articles, evidence-based articles published on-line, various websites are considered. Result: Ayurveda has vast treatment modalities like Rasayana, Panchakarma, Sadvritta etc which not only prevents the occurrence of viral infection but also avoids the spread and mortality. The ideas of Ojas, improving the Bala through Yukti, undergoing Ritu Shodhana can certainly add years to the life along with improving the quality of life. Conclusion: The emerging viral disease can be prevented by proper use of the knowledge and principles of Ayurvedic texts.

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Objective: At present, the entire world is fighting against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite all the possible efforts, there is no proven and effective medicine or vaccine discovered till date. There are strong reasons for demanding alternative therapies that could be used in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Data Source and Review methods: An extensive literary and multiple database (Science Direct, PubMed, Springer, and Google Scholar) search was carried out for related published works on kshara and alkali in the domains of Ayurvedic, traditional, and modern knowledge. Kshara (alkali) made of aswagandha, tulasi, and pippali is used as a medicine and a dietetic adjuvant in respiratory diseases in Ayurveda. “Khar” is one of the popular traditional food items of Northeast India, well known for different therapeutics. Kshara (alkaline water), prepared from banana and black gram, contains a rich amount of potassium (K), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe), with pH of 10.22–13.00 and 10.02, respectively. Kolakhar (alkali made of banana) has been found to inhibit the growth of different pathogens in in vitro studies. Result and Discussion: Alkaline environment within the normal range of blood pH positively influences the inflammatory, immune, and antiviral mechanisms of the body, which is said to be one of the reasons to keep the body healthy and immune to disease. There is scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of kshara in treating viral respiratory infections. In vitro studies have demonstrated the inactivation effect of alkaline medium on respiratory viruses. Conclusion: Kshara could be a potential pharmacotherapy and food adjuvant in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

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Introduction: Endometrial polyps (EPs) are epithelial proliferation arising from endometrial stroma or glands. They may be responsible for 57%–60% cases of abnormal uterine bleeding. A 36-year-old female patient diagnosed with EP was managed successfully through Ayurveda. In modern science, they are giving oral contraceptive pills or advising for surgery. In this case, we managed with Ayurvedic medication for the span of 3 months and relived completely. Main Clinical Finding: Presented with complaints of intermenstrual bleeding along with heavy menstrual bleeding for the past 1.5 years Diagnosis: The patient was already diagnosed with EP; correlated to Yoni Arshas in Ayurveda classics. Interventions: The patient was treated with internal medicines Kanchanara guggulu, Lodrasava, Jahar mohra pishti, and Panchatikta ghruta guggulu along with Matravasti with Chandana bala lakshadi taila, and Uttaravasti with Kshara taila. Outcome: After 3 months of treatment got complete relief in symptoms with normal USG findings. Conclusion: Ayurvedic treatment regime may be adopted as an alternate to surgical interventions in the management of EP effectively

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Introduction: In Vedas priority has been given to women in all her walks of life. Women lifespan can be broadly categorized into 3 phases based on the reproductive function i.e. Kanya (stage prior to menopause), Patni or Mata (active reproductive stage) and Vridhavastha (menopausal stage). The Matrutva or Motherhood of women is well appreciated in Bharatvarsh. A mother who cares, protect and bring up a small life into a capable citizen needs the same care and protection in her old age. After 40 years women body undergoes physiological changes. In some women these physiological changes goes without a notice and in some women, it results in the manifestation of group of symptoms i.e. Perimenopausal syndrome which need Medical attention using HRT. Looking at the adverse effect of HRT and lack of scientific evidence to support or refute claims that the commonly used botanical product offer Therapeutic benefit in Perimenopausal syndrome Satavari-yoga was selected for the present study. Aims and Objective: Aim and objective of the study is to assess the efficacy of Satavari choorna in Perimenopausal syndrome. Method: The Present study is a single group, open label, clinical trial with pre-post follow up test design. Totally 36 subjects were diagnosed as Perimenopausal syndrome based on STRAW Scale and MRS (Menopausal rating scale), Subjects were intervened with Satavari yoga (Satavari choorna along with Gruta and Madhu) as mentioned in Kasyapa Samhita for the duration of one month with dose of 4 grams TID before food. Its effectiveness was assessed before treatment (0th day) and after treatment (31^st day) and after follow up (61^st day) using MRS. Results: The efficacy of Satavari-yoga was assessed based on the parameters provide in MRS. Before the intervention with Satavari yoga, mean was 17.61 and after intervention mean it reduced to 5.28 and After follow up (in absence Satavari-yoga) mean was raised to 10.19. This increasing and reducing of mean was highly significant with p value <0.001. Conclusion: Satavari yoga is highly beneficial in Perimenopausal syndrome.

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Objective: The world was confronted with an illness 'COVID-19', caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. This novel coronavirus is highly contagious and in just a few months has become a serious threat to human health all over the world. The mainstay in the management of corona viral infections has been supportive care, nutrition, and preventing secondary infections in the absence of any antiviral agent or vaccine. The best way of preventing COVID-19 infection is by enhancing an individual's body immunity. Hence the main objective of this study is to bring forward to the concept of immunity in Ayurveda for preventing COVID-19. Data Source: Different Ayurvedic samhitas and text books, modern medical books, research papers in different journals and internet sources were referred to understand the concept of ojas, immunity and COVID-19. Review Methods: To compile the available literatures on immunity and COVID-19. • To compile the importance of ojas and vyadhikshamatva. • To compile the importance of Ayurvedic concept of immunity in prevention of COVID-19. Results and Conclusion: The best way of preventing COVID-19 infection is by enhancing an individual's body immunity. Ojas is considered as responsible for Vyadhikshamatva (immunity). An adequate exposition of the concept of ojas concerning immunity is essential during this COVID-19 pandemic.

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Objectives: The present review was carried out to compile and evaluate the clinical aspects of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) described in classical texts of Ayurveda. Data Sources: Information available in different classical texts of Ayurveda, compendiums, and latest Nighantu (lexicons) was compiled, analyzed and presented systematically. Review Methods: Concepts of epidemics, possible management approach, different single herbal drugs indicated in the management of symptoms related to COVID-19 as described in Ayurveda is presented systematically with the help of published scientific literature. Results and Conclusion: A comprehensive review of single herbal drugs indicated for the management of symptoms related to COVID-19 shows that, they can be categorized into symptom modifiers and general health promoters. The drugs having symptom specific indications along with reported research related to that indication such as shunthi, pippali, haridra, tulasi, saptaparna can be considered for their role in the effective management of symptoms. General health promoting agents such as Ashvagandha, Guduchi, Yashtimadhu, Haritaki, Amalaki which are having rasāyana, balya properties can improve quality of life, provides strength, or resistance against the disease. Some experimental and clinical studies are also reported to establish their efficacy which supports the classical claims. Further scientific studies to understand the exact mechanism of action of these drugs individually or in combinations is need of the time.

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Kashyapa Samhita is the only Ayurveda classical text, which deals exclusively with pediatric anatomy, physiology, pathology, and its management. Out of which, chapter number 28 - Lakshanadhyaya has a detailed description of anatomical and physiological features of the child and correlated it with clinical, professional, social, and spiritual fortunes. But, Lakshanadhyaya is incomplete at the end. Objective: To reveal the clinical importance of features mentioned in Lakshanadhyaya and to provide probable justification for particular future predictions given in Lakshanadhyaya. Data Source: Lakshanadhyaya of Kashyapa Samhita published by Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi. Materials and Methods: Relevant materials were searched from sources such as published books, journals, and the Internet. A critical review was done over the same. Result: Acharya Kashyapa has predicted the quality and quantity of life by assessment of anatomical and physiological features of the child from birth till adolescence. All clinical points such as signs of gestational maturity (by examining the skin, hair, movement, and genitals), anthropometry (size of body parts), secondary sex characters (such as pubic hair, breast, and genitals), and systemic examinations (such as per vaginal, per rectal, musculoskeletal, and per abdomen examinations) are covered in Lakshanadhyaya. Conclusion: This article highlights that time to time examination of a child helps to predict their future life. The abdomen, vagina, nail, scrotum, penis, hair, joints, back, gait, etc., are important areas of examination for early detection of impending clinical manifestation.

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Objective: (1) To intimate about the concepts of Grahana as described in Jyotish Shastra and Ayurveda. (2) Brief knowledge about the facts related to the science of Jyotish for the current scenario. (3) To describe about the impacts of celestial events on human life and on present pandemic, i.e., COVID-19. Data Sources: Secondary. Review Methods: Literary method is adopted here from the available sources of Ayurveda and different Ancient Jyotish (Astrological) texts. Results: From the literature, it is observed that there are definite relations in between the eclipses of Sun and Moon on wars and pandemics. Conclusions: Effects of eclipses on pandemics were seen since a long period of time. It was observed and concluded that eclipse affects the human lives in various ways and may act as potential indicator of war and epidemics. To generate the data, there is a need to study the effects of eclipses on epidemics and wars which in turn has been told as the cause of epidemic in Ayurveda.

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Introduction: Aconitum ferox wall is considered as one of the most poisonous plants in the world and well known for its toxicity. The Vatsanabha (Sanskrit terminology) is mentioned as Mahavisha (most toxic) in Ayurveda literature. The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare the toxic effects of a root of Vatsanabha (A. ferox) aqueous extract on hematological, cardiac, and serum biochemical parameters and histopathological changes in the heart. Methods: A. ferox crude powder was prepared from tuber root collected from three geographical location: Naradevi root, Sikkim root and Dolpa root and dosed in three groups Naradevi root dosing Group (NRG), Sikkim root dosing group, and Dolpa root dosing group (DRG), respectively. They were orally administered on Wistar albino rat for 28 consecutive days at doses of 1/5^th of the respective median lethal dose of dried crude powder per kg body weight in 20 ml of stock solution. Results: The results showed significant changes in serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, high-density lipoprotein in NRG, and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, cardiac parameters-creatinine kinase MB, lactate dehydrogenase in DRG. Marked pathological changes were perceived in the brain, heart, lungs, and jejunum tissue. Conclusion: The marketed sample shows multiple visceral toxicity and higher altitude sample has greater toxicity on brain and cardiac tissue. This study recommends creatine phosphokinase (CPK) isoenzyme testing: CPK-BB, CPK-MB, etc., on the heart and brain to assess the exact source of the damaged tissue.

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Introduction: This paper correlates the vastly detailed concepts of Janpadod dhwans and Rajyakshma from Charak Samhita to the novel coronavirus. The aim of this paper is to draw the attention of the experts toward the similarities between coronavirus and Rajyakshma, in hopes of finding some more effective measures of prevention as well as cure for the ongoing pandemic. Materials and Methods: In this paper, a little description was given about Adharm and immunity. The concept of pandemic/epidemic is explained with the term “Janpadod dhwans.” A detailed comprehensive exploration of corona versus Rajyakshma was done by thoroughly analyzing certain concepts in the ancient script Charak Samhita and by conducting meticulous research online. Results: It was deduced that every disease changes its mode of onset and course of progression with changing climatic conditions and timeline peculiarities. The diseases are not identical, but the author hopes that the similarities drawn can be of use to better understand the whole spectra of diseases that have come and those that have yet to come. Conclusion: A clear conclusion can be drawn that there are many similarities between COVID-19 and Rajyakshma in clinical presentation, as well as the preventive measures known so far. The role of good immunity is the key factor in both the cases.

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Introduction: The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV2 is a viral respiratory disease threatening worldwide public health, social stability, and financial development. Pathological hallmark for SARS-CoV-2 is an ineffective innate immune reaction. i.e., immune cells recognize it as dangerous toxins in place of self-antigen. Published data on neutralizing antibodies suggests their role in the prevention and treatment of infection SARS-CoV-2 through passive immunity in COVID-19. Objective: The present paper discusses the role of vishghna dravya in either flushing out or neutralization of toxins from the body. Material & Method: We developed the screening system based on Ayurveda & Modern pharmacology from different databases. Reported plants and minerals were retrieved from ancient texts. Furthermore, pharmacology method was used to preliminarily uncover the molecule mechanism. Results: Nine herbs and five metallic bhasmas having Vishaghna property were systematically reviewed, out of which four herbs and five metallic bhasmas have been reported to possess neutralizing antibody potential. Vishagna dravya works on concept of Samana pratyarbdha, the inherent qualities of the predominant mahabhutas. Madhura rasa (six), Katu Rasa (Five), Tikta Rasa (seven), Kasaya Rasa (two) have Prithvi, Vayu, Akash & Agni Mahabhuta that may exert neutralizing effect by making the cells more strong, inhibits the absorption of virus & increasing the various metabolic activities. Conclusion: To meet this challenge, this article discusses some published Ayurveda herbs and Nano metals which may neutralize the virus toxin for the prevention and treatment of infection by SARS-CoV-2.

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Objective: To understand the concept of Paradi guna in Ayurveda and its utility in Chikitsa. Data Source: Charaka Samhita with Chakrapani commentary accessed from NIIMH website. Ashtanga Hridaya with Sarvangasundara commentary. Review Methods: Literary review mainly focused on description of each guna with its relevant examples from Charaka Samhita and Ashtanga Hridaya. Its utility in Chikitsa were explained with the examples from Panduroga chikitsa Adhyaya from Charaka Samhita Chikitsa sthana. Results: Acharya Charaka enumerated ten Paradi guna and Acharya Chakrapani explained each Guna with their clinical importance. Knowledge of ten qualities is essential while selecting the medicine, food, treatment procedure, etc., In each and every step of the treatment, Paradi guna is involved. Conclusion: Paradi guna plays an inevitable role in both diagnosis and treatment. It is an essential prerequisite to be identified by physician and pharmacist to accomplish the Chikitsa siddhi this literary review on Paradi guna helps to know the utility of Paradi guna in clinical practice.

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Objective: Aesculus indica Linn. commonly known as Indian horse chestnut belongs to family hippocastanaceae. It is extensively used in folk medicine. The whole plant is proved to possess beneficial therapeutic activities like anti-tumour, anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant etc. However no approved marketed formulation of any of its active ingredients is available in any country of the world till date. There is also a subtle mention of its toxicity in some studies. Its uses can be exploited commercially in a better way if its active pharmaceutical ingredients are able to be separated from its toxic ingredients. Succinctly, the plant can be used commercially in future only when its toxicity is managed somehow. The review briefly summarizes its beneficial effects and the problem associated with it as a counterpart with a brief mention of on-going medicinal research on it. Data Source: The data is collected from different databases i.e. Science Direct, PubMed, Google and Google Scholar. Review Methods: Bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing various research and review papers. Results and Conclusion: Aesculus indica can be used to develop variety of products with high nutritional and medicinal values. The compound Aescin (a triterpenoids saponin) has been isolated from this plant and i.e. used to prevent several ailments such as rheumatism, skin diseases, relieve headache and wound healing. It also contains some phytoconstituents which have high potency to be used in cosmetics.

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Introduction: To evaluate the effect of Swarnamrithaprashana on immunity (Bala) and general health status in children. Methods: The present study was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled interventional prospective clinical trial wherein 221 healthy children within the age group of 6–12 years were enrolled from the schools of Hassan town. Registered children received one soft gel capsule in trial group – Swarnamrithaprashana (containing 2 mg of swarnabhasma) and in control group – sugar syrup, in morning empty stomach along with luke warm water for a duration of 30 days. Assessment of the effect of treatment was done by observing the changes seen in serum immunoglobulin G and salivary immunoglobulin A after 60 days of initiation of treatment as primary outcome parameter and changes in anthropometrical parameters, dehabala, agnibala, and manobala as secondary outcome measures. Renal function test (RFT) and liver function tests (LFTs) were done before and after treatment for assuring safety of the formulation. Results: The trial group showed better decrease in serum and salivary immunoglobulin levels, indicating a decrease in immunoglobulin recruitment in circulation, but the changes were not statistically significant at P = 0.05. The trial group showed better improvement in parameters suggesting Dehabala, Agnibala, and Manobala, which were statistically significant at P = 0.05. There were no significant changes seen in RFT and LFT values done before and after the treatment. Conclusion: Though the changes observed in the levels of immunoglobulins were not statistically significant in the present study setup, Swarnamrithaprashana helps in improving immunity at the level of immunoglobulins. Swarnamrithaprashana was found to be effective in the promotion of immunity in children reflected by improvements in parameters representing dehabala, manobala, and agnibala in children. The formulation was found to be safe as there were no signs of hepato and nephrotoxicity in RFT and LFT.

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